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掌握了gre阅读里的长难句，到了实战演习的时候了。gre阅读练习每日一篇帮助gre考生循序渐进地进行练习和总结。希望gre考生在进行gre阅读练习时，也按着考试时候的时间规定自己的练习，这样才能有效果。
For some time scientists have believed that cholesterol plays a major role in heart disease because people with familial hypercholesterolemia , a genetic defect, have six to eight times the normal level of cholesterol in their blood and they invariably develop heart disease. These people lack cell-surface receptors for low-density lipoproteins , which are the fundamental carriers of blood cholesterol to the body cells that use cholesterol. Without an adequate number of cell-surface receptors to remove LDLs from the blood, the cholesterol-carrying LDLs remain in the blood, increasing blood cholesterol levels. Scientists also noticed that people with familial hypercholesterolemia appear to produce more LDLs than normal individuals. How, scientists wondered, could a genetic mutation that causes a slowdown in the removal of LDLs from the blood also result in an increase in the synthesis of this cholesterol-carrying protein?
Since scientists could not experiment on human body tissue, their knowledge of familial hypercholesterolemia was severely limited. However, a breakthrough came in the laboratories of Yoshio Watanabe of Kobe University in Japan in 1980. Watanabe noticed that a male rabbit in his colony had ten times the normal concentration of cholesterol in its blood. By appropriate breeding, Watanabe obtained a strain of rabbits that had very high cholesterol levels. These rabbits spontaneously developed heart disease. To his surprise, Watanabe further found that the rabbits, like humans with familial hypercholesterolemia, lacked LDL receptors. Thus, scientists could study these Watanabe rabbits to gain a better understanding of familial hypercholesterolemia in humans.
Prior to the breakthrough at Kobe University, it was known that LDLs are secreted from the liver in the form of a precursor, called very low-density lipoproteins , which carry triglycerides as well as relatively small amounts of cholesterol. The triglycerides are removed from the VLDLs by fatty and other tissues. What remains is a remnant particle that must be removed from the blood. What scientists learned by studying the Watanabe rabbits is that the removal of the VLDL remnant requires the LDL receptor. Normally, the majority of the VLDL remnants go to the liver where they bind to LDL receptors and are degraded. In the Watanabe rabbit, due to a lack of LDL receptors on liver cells, the VLDL remnants remain in the blood and are eventually converted to LDLs. The LDL receptors thus have a dual effect in controlling LDL levels. They are necessary to prevent oversynthesis of LDLs from VLDL remnants and they are necessary for the normal removal of LDLs from the blood. With this knowledge, scientists are now well on the way toward developing drugs that dramatically lower cholesterol levels in people afflicted with certain forms of familial hypercholesterolemia.
17. In the passage, the author is primarily concerned with
presenting a hypothesis and describing compelling evidence in support of it
raising a question and describing an important discovery that led to an answer
showing that a certain genetically caused disease can be treated effectively with drugs
explaining what causes the genetic mutation that leads to heart disease
discussing the importance of research on animals for the study of human disease
18. Which of the following drugs, if developed, would most likely be an example of the kind of drug mentioned in line 53?
A drug that stimulates the production of VLDL remnants
A drug that stimulates the production of LDL receptors on the liver
A drug that stimulates the production of an enzyme needed for cholesterol production
A drug that suppresses the production of body cells that use cholesterol
A drug that prevents triglycerides from attaching to VLDLs
19. The passage supplies information to answer which of the following questions?
Which body cells are the primary users of cholesterol?
How did scientists discover that LDLs are secreted from the liver in the form of a precursor?
Where in the body are VLDL remnants degraded?
Which body tissues produce triglycerides?
What techniques are used to determine the presence or absence of cell-surface receptors?
20. According to the passage, by studying the Watanabe rabbits scientists learned that
VLDL remnants are removed from the blood by LDL receptors in the liver
LDLs are secreted from the liver in the form of precursors called VLDLs
VLDL remnant particles contain small amounts of cholesterol
triglycerides are removed from VLDLs by fatty tissues
LDL receptors remove LDLs from the blood
21. The development of drug treatments for some forms of familial hypercholesterolemia is regarded by the author as
possible, but not very important
interesting, but too costly to be practical
promising, but many years off
extremely unlikely
highly probable
22. The passage implies that if the Watanabe rabbits had had as many LDL receptors on their livers as do normal rabbits, the Watanabe rabbits would have been
less likely than normal rabbits to develop heart disease
less likely than normal rabbits to develop high concentrations of cholesterol in their blood
less useful than they actually were to scientists in the study of familial hypercholesterolemia in humans
unable to secrete VLDLs from their livers
immune to drugs that lower cholesterol levels in people with certain forms of familial hypercholesterolemia
23. The passage implies that Watanabe rabbits differ from normal rabbits in which of the following ways?
Watanabe rabbits have more LDL receptors than do normal rabbits.
The blood of Watanabe rabbits contains more VLDL remnants than does the blood of normal rabbits.
Watanabe rabbits have fewer fatty tissues than do normal rabbits.
Watanabe rabbits secrete lower levels of VLDLs than do normal rabbits.
The blood of Watanabe rabbits contains fewer LDLs than does the blood of normal rabbits.
When speaking of Romare Bearden, one is tempted to say, A great Black American artist. The subject matter of Beardens collages is certainly Black. Portrayals of the folk of Mecklenburg County, North Carolina, whom he remembers from early childhood, of the jazz musicians and tenement roofs of his Harlem days, of Pittsburgh steelworkers, and his reconstruction of classical Greek myths in the guise of the ancient Black kingdom of Benin, attest to this. In natural harmony with this choice of subject matter are the social sensibilities of the artist, who remains active today with the Cinque Gallery in Manhattan, which he helped found and which is devoted to showing the work of minority artists.
Then why not call Bearden a Black American artist? Because ultimately this categorization is too narrow. What stands up in the end is structure, Bearden says. What I try to do is amplify. If I were just creating a picture of a farm woman from back home, it would have meaning to her and people there. But art amplifies itself to something universal.
24. According to the passage, all of the following are depicted in Beardens collages EXCEPT:
workers in Pittsburghs steel mills
scenes set in the ancient kingdom of Benin
people Bearden knew as a child
traditional representations of the classical heroes of Greek mythology
the jazz musicians of the Harlem Bearden used to know
25. The author suggests that Bearden should not be called a Black American artist because
there are many collages by Bearden in which the subject matter is not Black
Beardens work reflects the Black American experience in a highly individual style
through the structure of Beardens art his Black subjects come to represent all of humankind
Beardens true significance lies not so much in his own work as in his efforts to help other minority artists
much of Beardens work uses the ancient Black kingdom of Benin for its setting
26. Beardens social sensibilities and the subject matter of his collages are mentioned by the author in order to explain
why one might be tempted to call Bearden a Black American artist
why Bearden cannot be readily categorized
why Beardens appeal is thought by many to be ultimately universal
how deeply an artists artistic creations are influenced by he artists social conscience
what makes Bearden unique among contemporary Black American artists
27. The author of the passage is chiefly concerned with
discussing Beardens philosophy of art
assessing the significance of the ethnic element in Beardens work
acknowledging Beardens success in giving artistic expression to the Black American experience
pointing out Beardens helpfulness to other minority artists
tracing Beardens progress toward artistic maturity
答案：17-27：BBCAECBDCAB
掌握了gre阅读里的长难句，到了实战演习的时候了。gre阅读练习每日一篇帮助gre考生循序渐进地进行练习和总结。希望gre考生在进行gre阅读练习时，也按着考试时候的时间规定自己的练习，这样才能有效果。
For some time scientists have believed that cholesterol plays a major role in heart disease because people with familial hypercholesterolemia , a genetic defect, have six to eight times the normal level of cholesterol in their blood and they invariably develop heart disease. These people lack cell-surface receptors for low-density lipoproteins , which are the fundamental carriers of blood cholesterol to the body cells that use cholesterol. Without an adequate number of cell-surface receptors to remove LDLs from the blood, the cholesterol-carrying LDLs remain in the blood, increasing blood cholesterol levels. Scientists also noticed that people with familial hypercholesterolemia appear to produce more LDLs than normal individuals. How, scientists wondered, could a genetic mutation that causes a slowdown in the removal of LDLs from the blood also result in an increase in the synthesis of this cholesterol-carrying protein?
Since scientists could not experiment on human body tissue, their knowledge of familial hypercholesterolemia was severely limited. However, a breakthrough came in the laboratories of Yoshio Watanabe of Kobe University in Japan in 1980. Watanabe noticed that a male rabbit in his colony had ten times the normal concentration of cholesterol in its blood. By appropriate breeding, Watanabe obtained a strain of rabbits that had very high cholesterol levels. These rabbits spontaneously developed heart disease. To his surprise, Watanabe further found that the rabbits, like humans with familial hypercholesterolemia, lacked LDL receptors. Thus, scientists could study these Watanabe rabbits to gain a better understanding of familial hypercholesterolemia in humans.
Prior to the breakthrough at Kobe University, it was known that LDLs are secreted from the liver in the form of a precursor, called very low-density lipoproteins , which carry triglycerides as well as relatively small amounts of cholesterol. The triglycerides are removed from the VLDLs by fatty and other tissues. What remains is a remnant particle that must be removed from the blood. What scientists learned by studying the Watanabe rabbits is that the removal of the VLDL remnant requires the LDL receptor. Normally, the majority of the VLDL remnants go to the liver where they bind to LDL receptors and are degraded. In the Watanabe rabbit, due to a lack of LDL receptors on liver cells, the VLDL remnants remain in the blood and are eventually converted to LDLs. The LDL receptors thus have a dual effect in controlling LDL levels. They are necessary to prevent oversynthesis of LDLs from VLDL remnants and they are necessary for the normal removal of LDLs from the blood. With this knowledge, scientists are now well on the way toward developing drugs that dramatically lower cholesterol levels in people afflicted with certain forms of familial hypercholesterolemia.
17. In the passage, the author is primarily concerned with
presenting a hypothesis and describing compelling evidence in support of it
raising a question and describing an important discovery that led to an answer
showing that a certain genetically caused disease can be treated effectively with drugs
explaining what causes the genetic mutation that leads to heart disease
discussing the importance of research on animals for the study of human disease
18. Which of the following drugs, if developed, would most likely be an example of the kind of drug mentioned in line 53?
A drug that stimulates the production of VLDL remnants
A drug that stimulates the production of LDL receptors on the liver
A drug that stimulates the production of an enzyme needed for cholesterol production
A drug that suppresses the production of body cells that use cholesterol
A drug that prevents triglycerides from attaching to VLDLs
19. The passage supplies information to answer which of the following questions?
Which body cells are the primary users of cholesterol?
How did scientists discover that LDLs are secreted from the liver in the form of a precursor?
Where in the body are VLDL remnants degraded?
Which body tissues produce triglycerides?
What techniques are used to determine the presence or absence of cell-surface receptors?
20. According to the passage, by studying the Watanabe rabbits scientists learned that
VLDL remnants are removed from the blood by LDL receptors in the liver
LDLs are secreted from the liver in the form of precursors called VLDLs
VLDL remnant particles contain small amounts of cholesterol
triglycerides are removed from VLDLs by fatty tissues
LDL receptors remove LDLs from the blood
21. The development of drug treatments for some forms of familial hypercholesterolemia is regarded by the author as
possible, but not very important
interesting, but too costly to be practical
promising, but many years off
extremely unlikely
highly probable
22. The passage implies that if the Watanabe rabbits had had as many LDL receptors on their livers as do normal rabbits, the Watanabe rabbits would have been
less likely than normal rabbits to develop heart disease
less likely than normal rabbits to develop high concentrations of cholesterol in their blood
less useful than they actually were to scientists in the study of familial hypercholesterolemia in humans
unable to secrete VLDLs from their livers
immune to drugs that lower cholesterol levels in people with certain forms of familial hypercholesterolemia
23. The passage implies that Watanabe rabbits differ from normal rabbits in which of the following ways?
Watanabe rabbits have more LDL receptors than do normal rabbits.
The blood of Watanabe rabbits contains more VLDL remnants than does the blood of normal rabbits.
Watanabe rabbits have fewer fatty tissues than do normal rabbits.
Watanabe rabbits secrete lower levels of VLDLs than do normal rabbits.
The blood of Watanabe rabbits contains fewer LDLs than does the blood of normal rabbits.
When speaking of Romare Bearden, one is tempted to say, A great Black American artist. The subject matter of Beardens collages is certainly Black. Portrayals of the folk of Mecklenburg County, North Carolina, whom he remembers from early childhood, of the jazz musicians and tenement roofs of his Harlem days, of Pittsburgh steelworkers, and his reconstruction of classical Greek myths in the guise of the ancient Black kingdom of Benin, attest to this. In natural harmony with this choice of subject matter are the social sensibilities of the artist, who remains active today with the Cinque Gallery in Manhattan, which he helped found and which is devoted to showing the work of minority artists.
Then why not call Bearden a Black American artist? Because ultimately this categorization is too narrow. What stands up in the end is structure, Bearden says. What I try to do is amplify. If I were just creating a picture of a farm woman from back home, it would have meaning to her and people there. But art amplifies itself to something universal.
24. According to the passage, all of the following are depicted in Beardens collages EXCEPT:
workers in Pittsburghs steel mills
scenes set in the ancient kingdom of Benin
people Bearden knew as a child
traditional representations of the classical heroes of Greek mythology
the jazz musicians of the Harlem Bearden used to know
25. The author suggests that Bearden should not be called a Black American artist because
there are many collages by Bearden in which the subject matter is not Black
Beardens work reflects the Black American experience in a highly individual style
through the structure of Beardens art his Black subjects come to represent all of humankind
Beardens true significance lies not so much in his own work as in his efforts to help other minority artists
much of Beardens work uses the ancient Black kingdom of Benin for its setting
26. Beardens social sensibilities and the subject matter of his collages are mentioned by the author in order to explain
why one might be tempted to call Bearden a Black American artist
why Bearden cannot be readily categorized
why Beardens appeal is thought by many to be ultimately universal
how deeply an artists artistic creations are influenced by he artists social conscience
what makes Bearden unique among contemporary Black American artists
27. The author of the passage is chiefly concerned with
discussing Beardens philosophy of art
assessing the significance of the ethnic element in Beardens work
acknowledging Beardens success in giving artistic expression to the Black American experience
pointing out Beardens helpfulness to other minority artists
tracing Beardens progress toward artistic maturity
答案：17-27：BBCAECBDCAB
