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掌握了gre阅读里的长难句，到了实战演习的时候了。gre阅读练习每日一篇帮助gre考生循序渐进地进行练习和总结。希望gre考生在进行gre阅读练习时，也按着考试时候的时间规定自己的练习，这样才能有效果。
The transfer of heat and water vapor from the ocean to the air above it depends on a disequilibrium at the interface of the water and the air. Within about a millimeter of the water, air temperature is close to that of the surface water , and the air is nearly saturated with water vapor. But the differences, however small, are crucial, and the disequilibrium is maintained by air near the surface mixing with air higher up, which is typically appreciably cooler and lower in water-vapor content. The air is mixed by means of turbulence that depends on the wind for its energy. As wind speed increases, so does turbulence, and thus the rate of heat and moisture transfer. Detailed understanding of this phenomenon awaits further study. An interactingand complicatingphenomenon is wind-to-water transfer of momentum that occurs when waves are formed. When the wind makes waves, it transfers important amounts of energyenergy that is therefore not available to provide turbulence.
17. The primary purpose of the passage is to
resolve a controversy
describe a phenomenon
outline a theory
confirm research findings
classify various observations
18. According to the passage, wind over the ocean generally does which of the following?
I. Causes relatively cool, dry air to come into proximity with the ocean surface.
II. Maintains a steady rate of heat and moisture transfer between the ocean and the air.
III. Causes frequent changes in the temperature of the water at the oceans surface.
I only
II only
I and II only
II and III only
I, II, and III
19. It can be inferred from the passage that the author regards current knowledge about heat and moisture transfer from the ocean to air as
revolutionary
inconsequential
outdated
derivative
incomplete
20. The passage suggests that if on a certain day the wind were to decrease until there was no wind at all which of the following would occur?
The air closest to the ocean surface would become saturated with water vapor.
The air closest to the ocean surface would be warmer than the water.
The amount of moisture in the air closest to the ocean surface would decrease.
The rate of heat and moisture transfer would increase.
The air closest to the ocean would be at the same temperature as air higher up.
Extraordinary creative activity has been characterized as revolutionary, flying in the face of what is established and producing not what is acceptable but what will become accepted. According to this formulation, highly creative activity transcends the limits of an existing form and establishes a new principle of organization. However, the idea that extraordinary creativity transcends established limits is misleading when it is applied to the arts, even though it may be valid for the sciences. Differences between highly creative art and highly creative science arise in part from a difference in their goals. For the sciences, a new theory is the goal and end result of the creative act. Innovative science produces new propositions in terms of which diverse phenomena can be related to one another in more coherent ways. Such phenomena as a brilliant diamond or a nesting bird are relegated to the role of data, serving as the means for formulating or testing a new theory. The goal of highly creative art is very different: the phenomenon itself becomes the direct product of the creative act. Shakespeares Hamlet is not a tract about the behavior of indecisive princes or the uses of political power; nor is Picassos painting Guernica primarily a propositional statement about the Spanish Civil War or the evils of fascism. What highly creative artistic activity produces is not a new generalization that transcends established limits, but rather an aesthetic particular. Aesthetic particulars produced by the highly creative artist extend or exploit, in an innovative way, the limits of an existing form, rather than transcend that form.
This is not to deny that a highly creative artist sometimes establishes a new principle of organization in the history of an artistic field; the composer Monteverdi, who created music of the highest aesthetic value, comes to mind. More generally, however, whether or not a composition establishes a new principle in the history of music has little bearing on its aesthetic worth. Because they embody a new principle of organization, some musical works, such as the operas of the Florentine Camerata, are of signal historical importance, but few listeners or musicologists would include these among the great works of music. On the other hand, Mozarts The Marriage of Figaro is surely among the masterpieces of music even though its modest innovations are confined to extending existing means. It has been said of Beethoven that he toppled the rules and freed music from the stifling confines of convention. But a close study of his compositions reveals that Beethoven overturned no fundamental rules. Rather, he was an incomparable strategist who exploited limitsthe rules, forms, and conventions that he inherited from predecessors such as Haydn and Mozart, Handel and Bachin strikingly original ways.
21. The author considers a new theory that coherently relates diverse phenomena to one another to be the
basis for reaffirming a well-established scientific formulation
byproduct of an aesthetic experience
tool used by a scientist to discover a new particular
synthesis underlying a great work of art
result of highly creative scientific activity
22. The author implies that Beethovens music was strikingly original because Beethoven
strove to outdo his predecessors by becoming the first composer to exploit limits
fundamentally changed the musical forms of his predecessors by adopting a richly inventive strategy
embellished and interwove the melodies of several of the great composers who preceded him
manipulated the established conventions of musical composition in a highly innovative fashion
attempted to create the illusion of having transcended the musical forms of his predecessors
23. The passage states that the operas of the Florentine Camerata are
unjustifiably ignored by musicologists
not generally considered to be of high aesthetic value even though they are important in the history of music
among those works in which popular historical themes were portrayed in a musical production
often inappropriately cited as examples of musical works in which a new principle of organization was introduced
minor exceptions to the well-established generalization that the aesthetic worth of a composition determines its importance in the history of music
24. The passage supplies information for answering all of the following questions EXCEPT:
Has unusual creative activity been characterized as revolutionary?
Did Beethoven work within a musical tradition that also included Handel and Bach?
Is Mozarts The Marriage of Figaro an example of a creative work that transcended limits?
Who besides Monteverdi wrote music that the author would consider to embody new principles of organization and to be of high aesthetic value?
Does anyone claim that the goal of extraordinary creative activity in the arts differs from that of extraordinary creative activity in the sciences?
25. The author regards the idea that all highly creative artistic activity transcends limits with
deep skepticism
strong indignation
marked indifference
moderate amusement
sharp derision
26. The author implies that an innovative scientific contribution is one that
is cited with high frequency in the publications of other scientists
is accepted immediately by the scientific community
does not relegate particulars to the role of data
presents the discovery of a new scientific fact
introduces a new valid generalization
27. Which of the following statements would most logically concluded the last paragraph of the passage?
Unlike Beethoven, however, even the greatest of modern composers, such as Stravinsky, did not transcend existing musical forms.
In similar fashion, existing musical forms were even further exploited by the next generation of great European composers.
Thus, many of the great composers displayed the same combination of talents exhibited by Monteverdi.
By contrast, the view that creativity in the arts exploits but does not transcend limits is supported in the field of literature.
Actually, Beethovens most original works were largely unappreciated at the time that they were first performed.
答案：17-27：BAEAEDBDAEB
掌握了gre阅读里的长难句，到了实战演习的时候了。gre阅读练习每日一篇帮助gre考生循序渐进地进行练习和总结。希望gre考生在进行gre阅读练习时，也按着考试时候的时间规定自己的练习，这样才能有效果。
The transfer of heat and water vapor from the ocean to the air above it depends on a disequilibrium at the interface of the water and the air. Within about a millimeter of the water, air temperature is close to that of the surface water , and the air is nearly saturated with water vapor. But the differences, however small, are crucial, and the disequilibrium is maintained by air near the surface mixing with air higher up, which is typically appreciably cooler and lower in water-vapor content. The air is mixed by means of turbulence that depends on the wind for its energy. As wind speed increases, so does turbulence, and thus the rate of heat and moisture transfer. Detailed understanding of this phenomenon awaits further study. An interactingand complicatingphenomenon is wind-to-water transfer of momentum that occurs when waves are formed. When the wind makes waves, it transfers important amounts of energyenergy that is therefore not available to provide turbulence.
17. The primary purpose of the passage is to
resolve a controversy
describe a phenomenon
outline a theory
confirm research findings
classify various observations
18. According to the passage, wind over the ocean generally does which of the following?
I. Causes relatively cool, dry air to come into proximity with the ocean surface.
II. Maintains a steady rate of heat and moisture transfer between the ocean and the air.
III. Causes frequent changes in the temperature of the water at the oceans surface.
I only
II only
I and II only
II and III only
I, II, and III
19. It can be inferred from the passage that the author regards current knowledge about heat and moisture transfer from the ocean to air as
revolutionary
inconsequential
outdated
derivative
incomplete
20. The passage suggests that if on a certain day the wind were to decrease until there was no wind at all which of the following would occur?
The air closest to the ocean surface would become saturated with water vapor.
The air closest to the ocean surface would be warmer than the water.
The amount of moisture in the air closest to the ocean surface would decrease.
The rate of heat and moisture transfer would increase.
The air closest to the ocean would be at the same temperature as air higher up.
Extraordinary creative activity has been characterized as revolutionary, flying in the face of what is established and producing not what is acceptable but what will become accepted. According to this formulation, highly creative activity transcends the limits of an existing form and establishes a new principle of organization. However, the idea that extraordinary creativity transcends established limits is misleading when it is applied to the arts, even though it may be valid for the sciences. Differences between highly creative art and highly creative science arise in part from a difference in their goals. For the sciences, a new theory is the goal and end result of the creative act. Innovative science produces new propositions in terms of which diverse phenomena can be related to one another in more coherent ways. Such phenomena as a brilliant diamond or a nesting bird are relegated to the role of data, serving as the means for formulating or testing a new theory. The goal of highly creative art is very different: the phenomenon itself becomes the direct product of the creative act. Shakespeares Hamlet is not a tract about the behavior of indecisive princes or the uses of political power; nor is Picassos painting Guernica primarily a propositional statement about the Spanish Civil War or the evils of fascism. What highly creative artistic activity produces is not a new generalization that transcends established limits, but rather an aesthetic particular. Aesthetic particulars produced by the highly creative artist extend or exploit, in an innovative way, the limits of an existing form, rather than transcend that form.
This is not to deny that a highly creative artist sometimes establishes a new principle of organization in the history of an artistic field; the composer Monteverdi, who created music of the highest aesthetic value, comes to mind. More generally, however, whether or not a composition establishes a new principle in the history of music has little bearing on its aesthetic worth. Because they embody a new principle of organization, some musical works, such as the operas of the Florentine Camerata, are of signal historical importance, but few listeners or musicologists would include these among the great works of music. On the other hand, Mozarts The Marriage of Figaro is surely among the masterpieces of music even though its modest innovations are confined to extending existing means. It has been said of Beethoven that he toppled the rules and freed music from the stifling confines of convention. But a close study of his compositions reveals that Beethoven overturned no fundamental rules. Rather, he was an incomparable strategist who exploited limitsthe rules, forms, and conventions that he inherited from predecessors such as Haydn and Mozart, Handel and Bachin strikingly original ways.
21. The author considers a new theory that coherently relates diverse phenomena to one another to be the
basis for reaffirming a well-established scientific formulation
byproduct of an aesthetic experience
tool used by a scientist to discover a new particular
synthesis underlying a great work of art
result of highly creative scientific activity
22. The author implies that Beethovens music was strikingly original because Beethoven
strove to outdo his predecessors by becoming the first composer to exploit limits
fundamentally changed the musical forms of his predecessors by adopting a richly inventive strategy
embellished and interwove the melodies of several of the great composers who preceded him
manipulated the established conventions of musical composition in a highly innovative fashion
attempted to create the illusion of having transcended the musical forms of his predecessors
23. The passage states that the operas of the Florentine Camerata are
unjustifiably ignored by musicologists
not generally considered to be of high aesthetic value even though they are important in the history of music
among those works in which popular historical themes were portrayed in a musical production
often inappropriately cited as examples of musical works in which a new principle of organization was introduced
minor exceptions to the well-established generalization that the aesthetic worth of a composition determines its importance in the history of music
24. The passage supplies information for answering all of the following questions EXCEPT:
Has unusual creative activity been characterized as revolutionary?
Did Beethoven work within a musical tradition that also included Handel and Bach?
Is Mozarts The Marriage of Figaro an example of a creative work that transcended limits?
Who besides Monteverdi wrote music that the author would consider to embody new principles of organization and to be of high aesthetic value?
Does anyone claim that the goal of extraordinary creative activity in the arts differs from that of extraordinary creative activity in the sciences?
25. The author regards the idea that all highly creative artistic activity transcends limits with
deep skepticism
strong indignation
marked indifference
moderate amusement
sharp derision
26. The author implies that an innovative scientific contribution is one that
is cited with high frequency in the publications of other scientists
is accepted immediately by the scientific community
does not relegate particulars to the role of data
presents the discovery of a new scientific fact
introduces a new valid generalization
27. Which of the following statements would most logically concluded the last paragraph of the passage?
Unlike Beethoven, however, even the greatest of modern composers, such as Stravinsky, did not transcend existing musical forms.
In similar fashion, existing musical forms were even further exploited by the next generation of great European composers.
Thus, many of the great composers displayed the same combination of talents exhibited by Monteverdi.
By contrast, the view that creativity in the arts exploits but does not transcend limits is supported in the field of literature.
Actually, Beethovens most original works were largely unappreciated at the time that they were first performed.
答案：17-27：BAEAEDBDAEB
