【简介】感谢网友“雕龙文库”参与投稿，这里小编给大家分享一些，方便大家学习。
对于考生来说，GRE阅读最困难的就是长难句的翻译，下面列举了一些GRE阅读长难句的语法难点和应该注意的翻译技巧。考生可以作为参考来复习。
13.But he talked as well about the balanced struggle between creative freedom and social responsibility, and he announced that the company would launch a drive to develop standards for distribution and labeling of potentially objectionable music.
But he talked as well about , and he announced that
该句没有从句结构，而是由and连接的两个并列成分构成。用would是因为表达了某人的主观态度和意愿。
但他也谈到了创作自由与社会责任之间要努力保持均衡这一问题。他宣布公司将尽力对可能招致大众反对的音乐制定各种发行和标识的标准
虽然没有从句结构，但是由于句子太长，有众多的修饰成分，所以建议还是拆为两句较好。
14.Average inflation in the big seven industrial economies fell to a mere 2.3% last year, close to its lowest level in 30 years, before rising slightly to 2.5% this July.
Average inflationfell to a mere, close to its, before
有省略。close to分句是非限定性定语从句，省略了which was。Before后面的成分是对全句的补充说明，是状语成分。状语成分可以置句首，也可以置句末，并无定规。之所以用rising，是因为这里需要一个名次性的结构the inflation which was，这样显得简洁得多。
七大工业国家的通货膨胀率去年下降到了2.3%，接近30年来最低水平，今年7月才小幅上涨到2.5%，比许多国家70年代和80年代两位数低了很多。
the big seven industrial economies是指西方七大工业国。close to是靠近的意思。fall to是跌落至的意思。
15.Economists have been particularly surprised by favorable inflation figures in Britain and the United States, since conventional measures suggest that both economies, and especially Americas, have little productive slack.
Economists have beensurprised byand, since,and especially, have
主句用现在完成时have been是因为经济学家长时间以来关注，现在也在关注，是一个从过去持续到现在的动作。Since引导的是表原因的状语从句。
特别让经济学家感到诧异的是，英美两国的通货膨胀带来的是良性的结果，因为传统的分析方法表明，两国尤其是美国的经济生产几乎没有出现滑坡。
favorable表示的是非常好的，不是非常喜欢的，与个人取向没有关系。productive slack是生产滑坡的意思。
16.Actually, it isnt, because it assumes that there is an agreed account of human rights, which is
something the world does not have.
Actually it isn t, because it assumes that, which is
有套合从句。本句为主从复合句。主句很简单，而because引导的原因状语从句中，又有一个that引导的宾语从句。这个从句中，主语an agreed account of human rights由一个which引导的飞行定性定语从句修饰，而这个非限定性定语从句中又有一个限定性定语从句the world does not have来修饰something。
事实并非如此，因为这种问法是以人们对人的权利有共同的认识为基础的，而这种共同认识并不存在。
agree为约定的意思，agreed account直译为约定的看法，意译为共同的认识。可见翻译中一定要结合汉语的语言习惯灵活转换。an agreed account of human rights不可译为有同意的人权记录。此外，将不定代词具体化，也更符合汉语习惯。
17.Some philosophers argue that rights exist only within a social contract, as part of an exchange of duties and entitlements.
Some philosophers argue that, as part of an exchange of
该句仍为主从复合句。that引导的宾语从句中，as part of an exchange of duties and entitlements充当了补充语的角色。
有些哲学家论证说，权利只存在社会契约中，是责任与利益相交换的一部分。
要正确选择contract的词义，不要译成从此收缩，缩小。argue不要译成争论，而要灵活处理成论证说。
18.It leads the discussion to extremes at the outset: it invites you to think that animals should be treated either with the consideration humans extend to other humans, or with no consideration at all.
It leads the discussion: it invites you to think that, or with
有并列从句和省略。冒号把句子分成两部分，后一部分对前面部分作进一步解释说明。前面部分是简单句。后面部分是复合句。that引导的宾语从句中，主语是animals，谓语是should be treated，either or引导两个介词短语作状语，either引导的介词短语中，humans extend to other humans是一个省略引导词that的定语从句。
这种说法从一开始就将讨论引向两个极端，它使人们认为应这样对待动物：要么像对人类自身一样关切体谅，要么完全冷漠无情。
it 的所指要明确。leads the discussion to extremes译成将讨论引向两个极端，at the outset译成从一开始。注意把被动句译为主动句，更合乎汉语习惯。
19.Arguing from the view that humans are different from animals in every relevant respect, extremists of this kind think that animals lie outside the area of moral choice.
Arguing from the view that humans are, extremists of this
有套和从句。逗号前面是一个现在分词短语，作状语，里面又有一个that从句作the view的同位语，逗号后面的that从句是一个宾语从句。
这类人持极端看法，认为人与动物在各相关方面都不相同，对待动物无须考虑道德问题。
in every relevant respect译成各相关方面，不要把respect 译成尊重extremists为极端主义者;let outside the area of moral choice译成不在道德范围内，不关乎道德。
20.When that happens, it is not a mistake: it is mankinds instinct for moral reasoning in action, an instinct that should be encouraged rather than laughed at.
When that happens, it is not a mistake: it is .instinct, an instinct that should be
以冒号为界，将全句分成两个复合句。前面的复合句里，时间状语从句when that happens叙述的是前一句to see的情形的出现。That修饰这种行为，主句表明这种行为并不错。冒号后面的复合句解释为什么。这里有一个that从句，作instinct的定语。
这种反应并不错，这是人类用道德观念进行推理的本能在起作用，这种本能应得到鼓励而不应遭到嘲弄。
将that，it等代词具体化，使译文表达明确;reasoning不能译成原因，而应译为推理，推论in action不能译成在行动中，而译成在起作用，action在此是作用，性能的意思;翻译被动语态时，使用得到，遭到等，使译文流畅自然
21.The Aswan Dam, for example stopped the Nile flooding but deprived Egypt of the fertile silt that floods left - all in return for a giant reservoir of disease which is now so full of silt that it barely generates electricity.
The Aswan Dam, stopped the Nile floodingbut
有插入语。for example是个插入结构，不是句子的主要成分。but后面省略了the Aswan Dam。注意sothat结构，是如此以至于的意思。
以阿斯旺大坝为例，它挡住了尼罗河的洪水，但也使埃及失去了洪水冲积的肥沃土壤，换回来的却是一个病态的大水库。现在水库积满泥沙，几乎不能用于发电了。
the Nile是尼罗河。All in return意思是换回来的全部则是。
22.The trouble is that part of the recent acceleration is due to the usual rebound that occurs at this point in a business cycle, and so is not conclusive evidence of a revival in the underlying trend.
The trouble is thatis due to , and so is not
有套和从句。the trouble is that是表语从句结构。后一个that引导的是修饰rebound的定语从句。
问题在于，近期的增长一定程度上是因为商业运作周期涨落的结果，因此还不能得出经济已经呈现复苏态势这一结论。
part of the recent acceleration不可译为一部分的最近的加速，而是最近加速部分是由于。business cycle是指商业周期。
23.New ways of organizing the workplace all that reengineering and downsizing - are only one contribution to the overall productivity of an economy, which is driven by many other factors such as joint investment in equipment and machinery, new technology, and investment in education and training.
New ways of workplaceare only one contribution to, which is, and
有插入语。两个破折号中间的成分为插入结构，可以视为括号里面的内容。Such as后面的内容是对many other factors的列举。在阅读的时候基本可以跳过不看，除非后面有细节题考查这里的内容。
组织工作场所的新方法包括机构重组和缩小规模只是促进某个经济实体的综合生产率提高的一项措施，还有其他许多因素促进生产率的提高，比如对机械设备的联合投资、采用新技术、对教育培训投资等。
all that译为这一切包括。overall productivity译为综合生产力水平。Joint investment译为联合投资。Drive译为驱动。
24.His colleague, Michael Beer, says that far too many companies have applied re engineering in a mechanistic fashion, chopping out costs without giving sufficient thought to long term profitability.
His colleague,, says that ,chopping out costs without giving
有省略。chopping out costs without giving sufficient 分句是非限定性定语从句。修饰的是前一分句的整体意思。without后面要跟现在分词giving。
他的同时迈克尔比尔说，为数众多的公司以简单机械的方式进行机构重组，降低了成本，但却未能充分考虑长期赢利。
far too many译为太多的。re-engineering in a mechanistic fashion应译为以简单机械的方式。chop out译为削减。
以上是GRE阅读长难句语法难点与翻译技巧解析的第二部分，希望能够对各位考生备考GRE阅读有所帮助。小编祝大家都能取得理想的GRE考试成绩!
对于考生来说，GRE阅读最困难的就是长难句的翻译，下面列举了一些GRE阅读长难句的语法难点和应该注意的翻译技巧。考生可以作为参考来复习。
13.But he talked as well about the balanced struggle between creative freedom and social responsibility, and he announced that the company would launch a drive to develop standards for distribution and labeling of potentially objectionable music.
But he talked as well about , and he announced that
该句没有从句结构，而是由and连接的两个并列成分构成。用would是因为表达了某人的主观态度和意愿。
但他也谈到了创作自由与社会责任之间要努力保持均衡这一问题。他宣布公司将尽力对可能招致大众反对的音乐制定各种发行和标识的标准
虽然没有从句结构，但是由于句子太长，有众多的修饰成分，所以建议还是拆为两句较好。
14.Average inflation in the big seven industrial economies fell to a mere 2.3% last year, close to its lowest level in 30 years, before rising slightly to 2.5% this July.
Average inflationfell to a mere, close to its, before
有省略。close to分句是非限定性定语从句，省略了which was。Before后面的成分是对全句的补充说明，是状语成分。状语成分可以置句首，也可以置句末，并无定规。之所以用rising，是因为这里需要一个名次性的结构the inflation which was，这样显得简洁得多。
七大工业国家的通货膨胀率去年下降到了2.3%，接近30年来最低水平，今年7月才小幅上涨到2.5%，比许多国家70年代和80年代两位数低了很多。
the big seven industrial economies是指西方七大工业国。close to是靠近的意思。fall to是跌落至的意思。
15.Economists have been particularly surprised by favorable inflation figures in Britain and the United States, since conventional measures suggest that both economies, and especially Americas, have little productive slack.
Economists have beensurprised byand, since,and especially, have
主句用现在完成时have been是因为经济学家长时间以来关注，现在也在关注，是一个从过去持续到现在的动作。Since引导的是表原因的状语从句。
特别让经济学家感到诧异的是，英美两国的通货膨胀带来的是良性的结果，因为传统的分析方法表明，两国尤其是美国的经济生产几乎没有出现滑坡。
favorable表示的是非常好的，不是非常喜欢的，与个人取向没有关系。productive slack是生产滑坡的意思。
16.Actually, it isnt, because it assumes that there is an agreed account of human rights, which is
something the world does not have.
Actually it isn t, because it assumes that, which is
有套合从句。本句为主从复合句。主句很简单，而because引导的原因状语从句中，又有一个that引导的宾语从句。这个从句中，主语an agreed account of human rights由一个which引导的飞行定性定语从句修饰，而这个非限定性定语从句中又有一个限定性定语从句the world does not have来修饰something。
事实并非如此，因为这种问法是以人们对人的权利有共同的认识为基础的，而这种共同认识并不存在。
agree为约定的意思，agreed account直译为约定的看法，意译为共同的认识。可见翻译中一定要结合汉语的语言习惯灵活转换。an agreed account of human rights不可译为有同意的人权记录。此外，将不定代词具体化，也更符合汉语习惯。
17.Some philosophers argue that rights exist only within a social contract, as part of an exchange of duties and entitlements.
Some philosophers argue that, as part of an exchange of
该句仍为主从复合句。that引导的宾语从句中，as part of an exchange of duties and entitlements充当了补充语的角色。
有些哲学家论证说，权利只存在社会契约中，是责任与利益相交换的一部分。
要正确选择contract的词义，不要译成从此收缩，缩小。argue不要译成争论，而要灵活处理成论证说。
18.It leads the discussion to extremes at the outset: it invites you to think that animals should be treated either with the consideration humans extend to other humans, or with no consideration at all.
It leads the discussion: it invites you to think that, or with
有并列从句和省略。冒号把句子分成两部分，后一部分对前面部分作进一步解释说明。前面部分是简单句。后面部分是复合句。that引导的宾语从句中，主语是animals，谓语是should be treated，either or引导两个介词短语作状语，either引导的介词短语中，humans extend to other humans是一个省略引导词that的定语从句。
这种说法从一开始就将讨论引向两个极端，它使人们认为应这样对待动物：要么像对人类自身一样关切体谅，要么完全冷漠无情。
it 的所指要明确。leads the discussion to extremes译成将讨论引向两个极端，at the outset译成从一开始。注意把被动句译为主动句，更合乎汉语习惯。
19.Arguing from the view that humans are different from animals in every relevant respect, extremists of this kind think that animals lie outside the area of moral choice.
Arguing from the view that humans are, extremists of this
有套和从句。逗号前面是一个现在分词短语，作状语，里面又有一个that从句作the view的同位语，逗号后面的that从句是一个宾语从句。
这类人持极端看法，认为人与动物在各相关方面都不相同，对待动物无须考虑道德问题。
in every relevant respect译成各相关方面，不要把respect 译成尊重extremists为极端主义者;let outside the area of moral choice译成不在道德范围内，不关乎道德。
20.When that happens, it is not a mistake: it is mankinds instinct for moral reasoning in action, an instinct that should be encouraged rather than laughed at.
When that happens, it is not a mistake: it is .instinct, an instinct that should be
以冒号为界，将全句分成两个复合句。前面的复合句里，时间状语从句when that happens叙述的是前一句to see的情形的出现。That修饰这种行为，主句表明这种行为并不错。冒号后面的复合句解释为什么。这里有一个that从句，作instinct的定语。
这种反应并不错，这是人类用道德观念进行推理的本能在起作用，这种本能应得到鼓励而不应遭到嘲弄。
将that，it等代词具体化，使译文表达明确;reasoning不能译成原因，而应译为推理，推论in action不能译成在行动中，而译成在起作用，action在此是作用，性能的意思;翻译被动语态时，使用得到，遭到等，使译文流畅自然
21.The Aswan Dam, for example stopped the Nile flooding but deprived Egypt of the fertile silt that floods left - all in return for a giant reservoir of disease which is now so full of silt that it barely generates electricity.
The Aswan Dam, stopped the Nile floodingbut
有插入语。for example是个插入结构，不是句子的主要成分。but后面省略了the Aswan Dam。注意sothat结构，是如此以至于的意思。
以阿斯旺大坝为例，它挡住了尼罗河的洪水，但也使埃及失去了洪水冲积的肥沃土壤，换回来的却是一个病态的大水库。现在水库积满泥沙，几乎不能用于发电了。
the Nile是尼罗河。All in return意思是换回来的全部则是。
22.The trouble is that part of the recent acceleration is due to the usual rebound that occurs at this point in a business cycle, and so is not conclusive evidence of a revival in the underlying trend.
The trouble is thatis due to , and so is not
有套和从句。the trouble is that是表语从句结构。后一个that引导的是修饰rebound的定语从句。
问题在于，近期的增长一定程度上是因为商业运作周期涨落的结果，因此还不能得出经济已经呈现复苏态势这一结论。
part of the recent acceleration不可译为一部分的最近的加速，而是最近加速部分是由于。business cycle是指商业周期。
23.New ways of organizing the workplace all that reengineering and downsizing - are only one contribution to the overall productivity of an economy, which is driven by many other factors such as joint investment in equipment and machinery, new technology, and investment in education and training.
New ways of workplaceare only one contribution to, which is, and
有插入语。两个破折号中间的成分为插入结构，可以视为括号里面的内容。Such as后面的内容是对many other factors的列举。在阅读的时候基本可以跳过不看，除非后面有细节题考查这里的内容。
组织工作场所的新方法包括机构重组和缩小规模只是促进某个经济实体的综合生产率提高的一项措施，还有其他许多因素促进生产率的提高，比如对机械设备的联合投资、采用新技术、对教育培训投资等。
all that译为这一切包括。overall productivity译为综合生产力水平。Joint investment译为联合投资。Drive译为驱动。
24.His colleague, Michael Beer, says that far too many companies have applied re engineering in a mechanistic fashion, chopping out costs without giving sufficient thought to long term profitability.
His colleague,, says that ,chopping out costs without giving
有省略。chopping out costs without giving sufficient 分句是非限定性定语从句。修饰的是前一分句的整体意思。without后面要跟现在分词giving。
他的同时迈克尔比尔说，为数众多的公司以简单机械的方式进行机构重组，降低了成本，但却未能充分考虑长期赢利。
far too many译为太多的。re-engineering in a mechanistic fashion应译为以简单机械的方式。chop out译为削减。
以上是GRE阅读长难句语法难点与翻译技巧解析的第二部分，希望能够对各位考生备考GRE阅读有所帮助。小编祝大家都能取得理想的GRE考试成绩!
